Jumat, 21 Juni 2013

[L236.Ebook] PDF Ebook What Is a Palestinian State Worth?, by Sari Nusseibeh

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What Is a Palestinian State Worth?, by Sari Nusseibeh

Can a devout Jew be a devout Jew and drop the belief in the rebuilding of the Temple? Can a devout Muslim be a devout Muslim and drop the belief in the sacredness of the Rock? Can one right (the right of return) be given up for another (the right to live in peace)? Can one claim Palestinian identity and still retain Israeli citizenship? What is a Palestinian state worth? For over sixty years, the Israeli-Palestinian conflict has been subjected to many solutions and offered many answers by diverse parties. Yet, answers are only as good as the questions that beget them. It is with this simple, but powerful idea, the idea of asking the basic questions anew, that the renowned Palestinian philosopher and activist Sari Nusseibeh begins his book.

What Is a Palestinian State Worth? poses questions about the history, meaning, future, and resolution of the Israel/Palestine conflict. Deeply informed by political philosophy and based on decades of personal involvement with politics and social activism, Nusseibeh’s moderate voice—global in its outlook, yet truly grounded in his native city of Jerusalem—points us toward a future which, as George Lamming once put it, is colonized by our acts in this moment, but which must always remain open.

  • Sales Rank: #782704 in Books
  • Brand: Brand: Harvard University Press
  • Published on: 2011-02-03
  • Original language: English
  • Number of items: 1
  • Dimensions: .97" h x 4.78" w x 7.22" l, .65 pounds
  • Binding: Hardcover
  • 256 pages
Features
  • Used Book in Good Condition

From Booklist
Following up his personal story, Once upon a Country: A Palestinian Life (2007), Nusseibeh, president of al-Quds University in Jerusalem, speaks about the current political issues in Israel with the authority of citizen, academic, and activist, “both victim and protagonist.” His call is elemental, “for Israelis and Palestinians to see each other as human beings.” But beyond slogans of equality and freedom, he examines possible solutions on the ground. How to transcend the present stalemate? Neither force nor reason has worked. The two-state solution, he argues, is a “fantasy bubble,” an unworkable alternative to Palestinians and Israelis living in equality in one state. He witnesses first-hand settler rampages against Palestinians in the Occupied West Bank, but then there are the Palestinian suicide bombings, the bloody clashes between Hamas and Fatah. Citing Gandhi, he says that precisely because the Palestinians are the weaker military force, they have the greater power to transform, not to defeat. Nusseibeh’s informal style, urgent and passionate, and especially his call to sit down with the enemy, will engage all sides in intense debate. --Hazel Rochman

Review
Palestinians live in Israel (or under Israeli occupation) without freedom, legal rights, resources, under the constant threat of state violence; Israelis, living under the constant threat of terrorist violence, are also trapped. Nusseibeh recommends reframing the conflict and advocates that negotiators look beyond the conference room to focus on the reality in the homes and streets of Palestinians and Israelis, and envision a collective peace, progress, and safety. Nusseibeh makes a number of tentative stabs at envisioning possible solutions, and his philosophical and balanced book is unfailingly sensitive and empathetic to both sides. (Publishers Weekly 2010-11-22)

Nusseibeh's informal style, urgent and passionate, and especially his call to sit down with the enemy, will engage all sides in intense debate.
--Hazel Rochman (Booklist 2011-01-01)

Sari Nusseibeh repeatedly expresses his belief that change is possible if people have the self-confidence and faith in themselves to act. He sees his task as an educator to be one of inculcating such faith. And he also describes, in several chapters of his often moving book, a moral basis for political action that can speak to all of us. Like Gandhi, and like Abdallah Abu Rahmah and Ali Abu Awwad...Nusseibeh seeks not to coerce his opponents--in this case the Israeli people along with their political and military institutions--into changing their self-destructive course but to change their will, or their feelings. He wants them to step back from prejudice and an obsession with brute force and to open their eyes. He wants them to find in themselves the generosity of spirit needed in order to take a chance on peace, whether in the form of two states or a single binational entity or, perhaps, some kind of confederation.
--David Shulman (New York Review of Books 2011-02-24)

Sari Nusseibeh is not a Palestinian Gandhi--he is a secular intellectual, not a saint, and while he has occupied prominent roles in Palestinian life (formerly as a leader of the first intifada and a Palestinian Authority diplomat, currently as president of al-Quds University), he has never commanded a mass following. But in his short new book he comes closer to advocating a Gandhian strategy than any other Palestinian leader I know of.
--Adam Kirsch (Tablet Magazine 2011-02-08)

The ideas might sound strange in their departure from conventional wisdom about the Palestinian-Israeli conflict and the positions of leaders and pundits on both sides, but it's good policy to pay attention. In the past, Sari Nusseibeh has taken positions that his fellow Palestinians condemned--and then, a couple of uprisings and aborted peace conferences later, embraced.
--Haim Watzman (Chronicle of Higher Education 2011-01-30)

An oddly detached sense of hope runs through What is a Palestinian State Worth?; there is nothing like it in the literature of this conflict. Every year thousands of articles and blog posts are produced about how to end the conflict. They all feel stale. This book does not.
--Greg Waldmann (Open Letters Monthly 2011-03-01)

In a display of rationality uncommon to discussions of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict, Nusseibeh takes an impartial vantage point, trying to sort out a mess largely generated by overblown and hyperactive political identities...Few Israelis will read Nusseibeh's book; fewer still will seriously ponder his proposal. But Nusseibeh is an experienced and bold politician and a shrewd intellectual. His views, accordingly, demand serious consideration.
--Avner Inbar and Assaf Sharon (Boston Review 2011-07-01)

About the Author
Sari Nusseibeh is the president of Al-Quds University in Jerusalem.

Most helpful customer reviews

2 of 3 people found the following review helpful.
lovely, wise book!
By Barbara
I highly recommend this short, wise book about the Palestinian problems! For someone like me, who is not familiar with the complexities there, it's a great introduction. And, it's balanced and wise, not the usual extreme political arguments.

8 of 14 people found the following review helpful.
Israel-Palestine Confederation State
By William Garrison Jr.
"What is a Palestinian state Worth?" by Sari Nusseibeh. Adam Kirsch, an editor with the Israel-based "Tablet Magazine", reviewed Nusseibeh's book in its 8 Feb 2011 issue. Kirsch commented: "In a new book, Al-Quds University President Sari Nusseibeh assesses what Palestinians stand to gain from the creation of their own state--and what they stand to lose. But it is not wholly clear, from Nusseibeh's language here and elsewhere in the book, whether that means accepting Israel as a Jewish state. For an Israeli to be a "patriotic Palestinian" seems to look forward, instead, to a binational state, in which Jews and Arabs would embrace a common political identity. "The vision of the peaceful and prosperous future may take any of several forms," Nusseibeh writes: "one state, two states, confederation involving one country, or two, or three, and so on."....This ambiguity is not strategic or accidental; it lies at the heart of Nusseibeh's philosophical argument. Essentially, What Is a Palestinian State Worth? is a brief for liberalism--which makes it, in the generally illiberal political culture of Palestine, a radical document. ... "Among Palestinians," he writes in the book's most daring passage, "there may well be a more fundamental underlying cultural or religious disposition to believe in the reality of death so strongly as to view life as being on a par with death, or even of far less value." So long as this is true, there is no chance for peace between Palestinians and Jews, much less for the building of the kind of Palestinian society Nusseibeh hopes for. ... The most controversial proposal in What Is a Palestinian State Worth? has to be understood, I think, as Nusseibeh's attempt to change the terms of the Palestinian-Israeli discussion. At the beginning of the book, Nusseibeh suggests that the Palestinians give up their demands for sovereignty and instead agree to become second-class Israeli citizens--that is, citizens without the right to vote or run for office. "Thus the state would be Jewish, but the country would be fully binational, all the Arabs within it having their well-being tended to and sustained. ... In any case, such a scenario would provide [the Palestinians] with a far better life than they have had in more than forty years under occupation." It seems to me that Nusseibeh, who was one of the earliest proponents of a two-state solution, is not seriously endorsing this idea. He is fully aware that it would not be feasible or desirable, from either side's perspective. It is, rather, a thought experiment, designed to challenge the assumptions of both Jews and Arabs. For the Palestinians, it is a challenge to "think deeply about what states are for"--that is, to examine whether they want the trappings of statehood or a better, more secure life. For Jews, it is a challenge to contemplate whether such a two-tiered system, with its echoes of South African apartheid, is consistent with Israel's principles--and whether such a system might not already be in place in the Occupied Territories." As many Israelis consider themselves to be the "true" Palestinians, and as the U.S. is beginning its 150th celebration of "The War Between the States" {or the "War of Northern Aggression" to its southern diehards}, might Nusseibeh's creation of "The Confederate States of Palestine" last longer than the original C.S.A.?

1 of 4 people found the following review helpful.
Peering into a cauldron of contradictions
By Sceptique500
The Palestine problem is a cauldron of contradictions, opines Dr. NUSSEIBEH, best approached by rejecting all Leviathans or meta-biological beings - the ideologies that drive our actions as they enslave us. For saying this out loud, and in a clear and articulate manner, the author should be roundly commended. Just to follow his argument is an intellectual pleasure - and a heartening message.

Indeed, we create such Leviathans - from religions to identities, only to fall under their spell and become their prisoners. Life in no longer "livable", we say, unless we pay homage to them. In order to please them, here we go about killing, maiming, and generally acting despicably. Nowhere is this more evident, at the moment, than in Palestine, where one group, claiming it needs a homeland in its tribulations, it has inflicted the very same fate on another.

In Chapter 4, the best of the book, the author calls for an end to this this, and for a new beginning based on universal principles. All human beings, in his view, could agree on equality and freedom - to prove his point he uses RAWLS' "veil of ignorance".

On the future of Palestine Dr. NUSSEIBEH seems to argue in favour of a "separate but equal" solution for a disenfranchised Arab population within one state extending from the Mediterranean Sea to the border with Jordan. He further argues against a generalized "right of return" for Palestinian refugees. At first glance, one might concur - until one remembers that this implies downloading the refugee problem on those countries who generously received them as they fled. Justice would further require that the Jewish population not be granted an asymmetry here. Such a state would then hopefully evolve over time, leading eventually to some multi-something structure that secures justice and freedom to all.

I've argue for a "tax on black" - to stop people from dressing shoddily. I'd propose here a "tax on pontificating about human nature" - to be imposed on any one, but particularly philosophers, who from their writing table muse about the essence of human nature. This is so widespread still, notwithstanding the amount of factual knowledge being gathered by socio-biologists, researchers in genetics, and other scientists about actual human behavior. I should not fault Dr. NUSSEIBEH particularly, were it not for the fact that he has abjured Leviathans and meta-biological entities, only to fall for the mother of them all: "human nature". As if human nature could be pigeon-holed into either "disjunctive" or "conjunctive" behaviour. If anything characterizes human behaviour it is its unending diversity, ambiguity, and its rhizomic links to the context. So Chapter 6 adds little to the book.

How will negotiations for a solution in Palestine evolve? Dr. NUSSEBIEH puts much store in "faith" - it could be conviction. He is right. The character of the negotiating process: if the process is more than a souk, it is creative and transformative - and the outcome unpredictable. This is the true meaning of "indeterminate".

His final chapter is a clarion call for a Gandhian approach as a prerequisite to the negotiating process. Non-violence is transformative, and it is a road open to the Arab population in Palestine. Non-violence as a moral means of effecting political change, however, implies self-transformation before it can affect "the other". The moral engagement required by those practicing is extraordinary: India was lucky that it has such leadership in the Mahatma. The current revulsion in the Middle East against corruption and internal oppression - peaking in revolutionary fervour - might make a difference. There is no better moment than now, and this book is as good as any in triggering the process among the Palestinian Arabs also.

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Selasa, 18 Juni 2013

[C895.Ebook] Download PDF A History of the Modern Middle East, 5th Edition, by William L Cleveland, Martin Bunton

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Kamis, 13 Juni 2013

[S559.Ebook] PDF Ebook An Entirely Synthetic Fish: How Rainbow Trout Beguiled America and Overran the World, by Anders Halverson

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An Entirely Synthetic Fish: How Rainbow Trout Beguiled America and Overran the World, by Anders Halverson

Anders Halverson provides an exhaustively researched and grippingly rendered account of the rainbow trout and why it has become the most commonly stocked and controversial freshwater fish in the United States.�Discovered in the remote waters of northern California, rainbow trout have been artificially propagated and distributed for more than 130 years by government officials eager to present Americans with an opportunity to get back to nature by going fishing. Proudly dubbed “an entirely synthetic fish” by fisheries managers, the rainbow trout has been introduced into every state and province in the United States and Canada and to every continent except Antarctica, often with devastating effects on the native fauna. Halverson examines the paradoxes and reveals a range of characters, from nineteenth-century boosters who believed rainbows could be the saviors of democracy to twenty-first-century biologists who now seek to eradicate them from waters around the globe. Ultimately, the story of the rainbow trout is the story of our relationship with the natural world—how it has changed and how it startlingly has not.

  • Sales Rank: #69132 in Books
  • Brand: Halverson, Anders
  • Published on: 2011-06-28
  • Original language: English
  • Number of items: 1
  • Dimensions: 9.21" h x .80" w x 6.36" l, .81 pounds
  • Binding: Paperback
  • 288 pages

Review
"[A] highly readable book"--Peter B./i>--Peter B. Moyle "The Quarterly Review of Biology "

"[T]his brief book is an excellent and entertaining read for anyone interested in the history of conservation, but especially the history of how rainbow trout became an entirely synthetic fish"--Peter B./i>--Peter B. Moyle "The Quarterly Review of Biology "

About the Author
Anders Halverson is a journalist with a Ph.D. in aquatic ecology from Yale University. He lives in Boulder, CO.

Most helpful customer reviews

15 of 16 people found the following review helpful.
A fantastic and important read
By Read More Books
This book blew me away. Incredible storytelling, amazing history. I'll never look at trout the same way again. If you like to fish or have any interest at all in environmental history and our relationship with the natural world, this book is a must read. I'd highly recommend it.

19 of 22 people found the following review helpful.
Meddling with Nature
By Rob Hardy
I know little about fish or fishing, but I know fisherman like to go for rainbow trout, a good fish to have at the end of your line or to have in your frying pan. The rainbow trout is found all over our nation, and stands for conservation, and unspoiled waters, and the bounty of nature when nature is not trammeled by humans. Except that it does not really stand for any of these things. Maybe fisherman know all about this already, but for me, the revelations in _An Entirely Synthetic Fish: How Rainbow Trout Beguiled America and Overran the World_ (Yale University Press) were a surprise. The author Anders Halverson is a journalist, and has a doctorate in ecology, and likes to fish. He has hunted all through historical documents of government and conservation organizations, and interviewed plenty of researchers and others who have helped make the rainbow trout ubiquitous, or who are now trying to reduce its range. This is not just a fish book. It is a carefully written history of how we think about our natural resources, and about the paradoxes and dangers of trying to control the natural world.

Rainbow trout are native to waters feeding into the Pacific, in an arc that extends up from northern Mexico, though the northeastern states, and over to far eastern Russia. That doesn't matter anymore. They have been introduced to the Atlantic states, and in fact to every state. The only reason they aren't in Antarctica is that there is a lack of trout streams there; they are now on every other continent. A century ago, American fishing gentlemen were convinced that standing by a stream with rod and line was going to maintain our citizens' virility and make our democracy stronger, but fish like the eastern brook trout were not able to withstand the pollution and higher temperatures we were inflicting on our streams. These men shunned the bottom-feeding catfish. They simply needed a better trout, and the rainbow was it. The states with streams to be stocked thought this was all dandy. A recent report from the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service says that if you spend a dollar on growing and stocking rainbows, you can expect thirty-two dollars back in hotel reservations, rod sales, and airplane tickets. Everyone knows (now) that if you move a species into a region in which it did not evolve, you are liable to change things in unexpected ways. Though rainbows were often imported with the idea of adding their diversity to the local fauna, they have decreased such diversity overall. The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service has acted intentionally to decrease the diversity so that the rainbow trout could prosper. In 1962, the service deliberately poisoned sections of the Green River in Utah and Wyoming with "piscicide" to get rid of the pesky fish that lived there naturally. There were some complaints by academics and ecologists at the time, but the chemical got dumped in the river, and the antidote that was supposed to be dumped downriver to neutralize it and keep it from heading on through National Parks properties didn't get there, and so there was even more of an ecological disaster. This was made worse as a public relations matter because three weeks later Rachel Carson's _Silent Spring_ was published, infuriating some constituents who would not let their representatives in Washington hear the last of it. There were four species of "trash fish" that were to be killed to let the rainbows in; all are now on the endangered species list.

Halverson's book, however, is not shrill about the many preposterous and presumptuous tinkerings with the environment that have been done for the sake of bringing more rainbows to our streams. There are few villains or fools in this story of the century since this unnatural fish has been taking over the world's fresh water systems. Many of the public servants profiled here, whether their decisions were good ones or not, were taking steps based on the best information they had at the time, with the intention of helping anglers, and with no prospect of making any material gain by their actions. Halverson tells many connected stories here in a convincing and fascinating book, and generally refrains from making judgments or regrets. There are inherent paradoxes anytime humans try to take control of nature. Fishermen may think that they are escaping from civilization by getting back to nature to pursue their prey, but it turns out the fish that many are pursuing are mere products of industrialization after all.

21 of 25 people found the following review helpful.
Excellent Read
By Scott C
Sometime within the past ten years or so I became interested in native fish. I have nothing against any species, I just like to see fish that are "supposed" to be in a watershed, in that watershed, not some other species occupying that water. This desire to find native species in their native range has taken my fishing buddy and me to some out-of-the-way little creeks--we're talking about places in the middle of the desert 100 miles from the nearest town. Creeks whose widths are measured in inches, not feet. But it doesn't seem to matter where we go, how far away from "civilization" we get, we still come across water stocked with non-native species. Many of these places were stocked long before motorized travel was possible. And I've wondered what possessed people to stock fish in such places.

Anders Halverson's new book, An Entirely Synthetic Fish: How Rainbow Trout Beguiled America and Overran the World, answers that question for me. In a fascinating look at the social and political maneuverings of the late nineteenth century through the present, Anders' meticulous research lays bare some interesting tidbits of the stocking policies of the United States.

One such gem is that the government was worried about the strength of the nation's men: that they had "notoriously less hardihood and endurance than the generation which preceded [their:] own" (George Perkins Marsh, congressman and diplomat from the mid-1800's). This description was given in a report by Marsh under the auspices of the Legislature of Vermont on the Artificial Propagation of Fish. He further stated that "the sports of the chase" (angling being one of them) was a way to increase the hardiness of the Americans. At this time, many waterways were already seeing a decline in fish numbers and the artificial propagation of fish was seen as a way to increase those numbers. With the urge to increase the robustness of its men, and the decline fish population the underpinnings were there for the introduction of non-native species.

Last year Eccles (from the Turning Over Small Stones blog) and I had a discussion about the terms "Fish and Game" and "Fish and Wildlife" as used in various agencies: Why were the terms "fish" and "game" separate? Shouldn't it just be Game or Wildlife, as in "Utah Game" or "US Wildlife Service" since fish are a type of game and fish are a type of wildlife? Anders informs us that by the 1870s congress formed the United States Fish Commission to help tackle the problem of declining fish stocks, thus becoming the first governmental agency involved with animal husbandry in the US. At a later time, the "game" and "wildlife" were added as the agency expanded. So, in my mind at least, this solves the mystery.

How the rainbow trout became the darling of the US Fish Commission, and just about every other angling agency in the world, is an interesting tale that Anders starts in San Francisco in 1872 with Livingston Stone looking for spawning salmon. He eventually found the McCloud River and began propagating salmon. By 1879 they were looking for a place on the McCloud to begin propagating trout as well. And they did, with astounding success.

Besides the historical ventures Anders skillfully and delightfully takes the reader on, he also dissects the biology of the stocking programs, covering the hardiness of a stock that is constantly used for breeding to whirling disease. He discusses the loss of native species and the response (or lack of it) of individual state fish and game departments, how some of them have switched from stocking to conservation.

This brings up an interesting problem that many fish and game departments need to tackle: what is their responsibility when sportsmen (who pay for licenses whose money is then possibly used to bankroll conservation and restoration instead of stocking), clamor for more catchable fish?

Through all of these topics Anders uses a reporters zeal for facts (there are approximately 475 sources listed in the bibliography) and detachment, thereby keeping an even keel on reporting the facts and not stepping on a soapbox to expound one particular side over another. Even with this professional detachment, there is a keen sense of understanding and compassion shown for the stories he tells. For, if nothing else (but there is a lot of "else"), the book is full of stories told with the storyteller's art.

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